ИСТИНА

Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic structures, whose period is compara- ble to the wavelength of light of the optical range. PCs are very interesting due to the broad field of perspective applications. Possible application of photonic crystals is their use in fiber optics, in the creation of light sources with high efficiency, electro-optical and completely optical integrated cir- cuits, low-threshold lasers, etc.. Such a wide range of applications of pho- tonic crystals is possible due to the presence of so-called photonic band gap. It is spectral range within which propagation of light in a photonic crystal is suppressed in all or in some chosen directions. However, despite on in- terest to PCs with the practical point of view, it is interesting for studying of important properties such as the ability to control the frequency of the spontaneous emission and the rate of emission, and even to control the elec- tron mass. To study these quantum electrodynamic phenomena requires knowledge of field structure. In this paper, this problem is studied with the help of Maxwell’s equations and periodic boundary conditions. Starting with the analysis of one-dimensional case, was obtained a graphical repre- sentation of changes in the components of the Bloch functions depending on the wave vector, and the corresponding band diagrams. Using these results allow to monitor the distribution of the photon energies for the various components for the various states that may be necessary for the theoretical calculations.