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Actually, Chinese Silk Road Project, which is now more often called Belt and Road Initiative (and its previous title was One Belt One Road) has become an unprecedented challenge in different aspects. First, political, mainly geo-political aspect. The initiative caused huge debates in Chinese intellectual and political elite and the decision, made by Xi ZinPing witnessed not only his personal high influence and political power, but also the beginning of new era (?) in Chinese foreign and international policy. Later this new approach was manifested in 2017 at Davos, with the Globalization Defense Speech. Second, economic aspect. This is the most controversial part. Someone see here the politics taking over the economics, someone argue that it is long-term approach, which has become the main feature of Chinese domestic economic policy and, as someone thinks, the secret of its success. Third, it is social and even broader, humanitarian aspect. And, finally, the last but not the least – it has become a very interesting intellectual challenge, which forces us to seek for the answers in the fields we did not used to last decades. Of course, this last aspect is the most interesting for academicians and experts (I suppose, that is why we are here now). Actually it shows not only the lack of holistic, systemic vision of the future of Eurasian region within intellectual elites in many countries, but also the lack of infrastructure for developing such kind of research and discussions.