ИСТИНА

Creation of new functional biocompatible and bioactive materials and efficient systems for the encapsulation, drug delivery and controlled release of various substances in water environments, including live sys-tems, is an actual task of biophysics, chemistry and for a number of apl-lied sciences, a solution of which is essentially important for practical bio-medical applications. In this work, we have prepared and character-ized novel nanocomposite biomimetic functional nanosystems on the basis of Langmuir-Blodgett films and liposomes based on membrane complexes including lipids, functional amino-containing amphiphilic compounds, polymers (including biopolymers) and inorganic nanoparti-cles (Fe3O4 and Au). Our research team carried out work on the synthesis of the original amphiphilic water-insoluble amine compound - stearoylspermine, that based on stearic acid and natural polyamine spermine molecules, which was formed by a peptide (amide) bond between them. It was also shown the prospect of using this compound in bionanotechnologies due to functional amino groups, the amphiphilic nature and non-toxicity prop-erties, to create liposomes which were sensitive to electromagnetic in-fluences. In order to investigate the binding of stearoylspermine with function-al inorganic nanoparticles and polymer biomolecules we have per-formed experiments using Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer method. As a result, nanocomposite films based on stearoylspermine molecules, DNA molecules and magnetite nanoparticles were formed on an aqueous sub-phase surface and transferred on the substrates. Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles was carried out by Massart method [1]. The method of synthesis of two-component liposomes containing molecules of phosphatidylcholine and stearoylspermine consisted in ultrasonication of those substances in a water. Complexation of lipo-somes with magnetite, gold nanoparticles and polymers (DNA mole-cules) was carried out in an aqueous solution. Thus, functional nano-composite vesicles based on liposomes, nanoparticles and polymers were successfully synthesized. The size of the vesicles was about 200 nm. The example of the binding of synthesized liposomes with DNA molecules has shown the possibility of functionalization the liposomes by polymer molecules. Such functionalization promotes an increase in the stability of the capsules and a prolonged therapeutic effect in live organisms. In addition, liposomes were synthesized in an aqueous solution of the NaCl salt to study the possibility of loading. Thus, that model low-molecular substance was capsulated inside the liposomes, and the salt residues in the external environment of the liposomes were removed by dialysis. Functionalization of liposomes based on phosphatidylcholine and stearoylspermine by gold nanorods was carried out. Such structures are more sensitive to external electromagnetic influences due to an aniso-tropic elongated form of conducting nanorods. In conclusion, the developed vesicles can be the basis for the devel-opment of new means for controlled drug delivery. The work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant 18-29-02080). [1] Massart R., Preparation of aqueous magnetic liquids in alkaline and acidic media. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. V. 17. P. 1247−1248. 1981.