ИСТИНА

Nowadays it is generally recognized that the key challenge for the catalytic science in the 21st century would be the reaching of 100% selectivity in the processes of petrochemical synthesis. This challenge is crucial from the practical point of view as its fulfillment would help to stop utilizing the side products and, as a consequence, to switch to the development of “green” chemical technologies. But it is also of utmost fundamental importance, since it requires the solving of one of the basic problems in catalysis, namely the determining of the “structure-property” interrelation. The dependence of the catalytic activity on the structure of active sites has been to a great extent defined for many catalytic systems and is reflected, for instance, in the Balandin’s concept on the geometric and energetic correspondence of a catalyst and reagents. However, the question of the influence of these factors on the selectivity of a catalytic reaction remains open and requires a systematic investigation for different groups of catalytic reactions.