ИСТИНА

In our present and forthcoming scientific world of the 21 century science is being globally transformed by new digital technologies. To investigate an important scientific problem one should aggregate and study in the most holistic way vast volumes of heterogeneous data from multiple sources. At 126 the same time, the research problems themselves are becoming more and more interdisciplinary. Big Data, FAIR Data and Open Data are three paradigms in the Data Science that applied to extremely diverse Arctic data. An attempt is made to give formal definitions of these three types of data along with their mutual rapport. Following this line, System Analysis becomes the mathematics for studying Big Data as the mainstream of the 21 century. In the 20 century, the challenge in Earth Sciences was to construct accurate mathematical models for magnetic, electric, gravity, and seismotectonic fields of the Earth. Today the challenge is to create holistic electromagnetic and gravity Earth's model. Systems Analysis — mathematics of the 21 century — will serve as appropriate platform to do it. Arctic region is a perfect source of Big Data. The three Vs — Volume, Velocity and Variety are apparently in place. The project of multidisciplinary and multifunctional Systems Analysis studies of the Arctic has important prospective.