ИСТИНА

Modern water economic conditions in upstream of the Amur river are characterized by accruing seasonal deficiency of water resources, deterioration of water quality of transboundary water objects, occurrence of the mutual territorial claims as a result of influence on channel formation processes, reduction of fish population, and as a whole intensifying of man induced transformation of the natural ecosystems, aggravating a problem of conservation of a biodiversity. Water resources of the Hailar (Argun), and the lake Hulun Nur tributaries are used in interests of water supply, irrigation, water-power engineering, fish economy, navigation. An essential kind of water use is water withdrawal. Intensity of use of resources with a view of water supply, irrigation, water withdrawals substantially depends on number of population and its density. In the Chinese part of the watershed of the river Argun where it is formed about 70 % of its runoff, the population is more than 800 thousand inhabitants; here the agriculture and the industry are well developed. Presences here of rich coal-fields and growth of the population demand the solution of a problem of deficiency and quality of water. The long-term plan of hydraulic engineering construction is directed to solution of the specified water economic problems. The civil-engineering project of a water reservoir for irrigation on the river Heihe has been completed by this time, the multipurpose water reservoir on the river Imine is being filled at present, the water transfer canal Hailar - Hulun Nur constructed and functions since 2009. Activities on construction of water reservoirs for power production, irrigation and for protection from flooding on the river of Hailar and its tributaries are intensively conducted. Here construction of three water reservoirs with total capacity more than 1 km3 planned. From planned projects, it is worth-while to note, a scheduled transfer of the flow (water withdrawal) from the river Khalkn for watering of inner areas of China and, in particular, for water supply of the coal thermal power stations. Objective of this research is the assessment of consequences of realization of optional versions of development of a water economic complex of the river Argun (including basins of the river of Hailar and the lake Hulun Nur) on its water regime.