ИСТИНА

The widely-used concept of 1D modelling of enclosed water bodies is briefly reviewed. The approaches to simulate thermodynamic regime of lakes, including snow and ice covers and turbulent closure are exemplified. The recently emerged biogeochemical modules are also sketched. The role of vertical mixing in distribution of all water properties is underlined. The special attention is then paid on how the vertical mixing mechanisms are represented in current 1D modelling framework. The key questions are: - what is the consequence of not taking into account the horizontal pressure gradient in current 1D lake dynamic schemes and thus the related internal wave motions for the vertical mixing? - what could be the ways to include internal wave motions (seiches) in 1D models? The new way of parameterizing seiches is presented and its effect is demonstrated in idealized flow simulations.