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The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanisms and consequences of pharmacologically induced amnesia using the single-trial passive avoidance learning model in young chicks. It was shown that after memory impairment by the administration of protein synthesis inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagonists, retraining for the same conditional stimulus was impaired. At the same time, training amnestic animals on a new conditional stimulus was successful, which indicates the selective nature of the impairment. The transcriptional activity of the brain was mapped by c-Fos gene expression induced by the repeated training of amnestic animals. It was shown that the levels of c-Fos expression induced by the repeated training on the same stimulus differed from those induced by the training on a new conditional stimulus.