ИСТИНА

The report is devoted to a comprehensive study of the archaeological site found in the floodplain of the Oka River (right bank, 8 km to the city of Kolomna, 120 km to the city of Moscow). The excavation discovered 3 horizons covered with river alluvium of the 17th20th centuries. This situation is unusual for the Oka River, because, as a rule, the Holocene soil is destroyed by the floods of the Little Ice Age in the low floodplain. The atypical stratigraphy of the floodplain made it possible to obtain data on natural conditions and anthropogenic impact on landscapes. The soil horizon under the alluvium has a 14C date of 1770 ± B.P. (GIN-15382, humus; all dates is uncalibrated), the base of this layer is 2145 ± 20 B.P. (charcoal, IGAN 7466). The 14C dates are fully consistent with the ceramics of the Migration Period. Horizon 2 is dated by humus to 2790 ± 100 B.P. (GIN-15383) and 3020 ± 20 B.P. (bone, IGAN 7607). This horizon is rich in Bronze Age pottery. The lower horizon has a humus date of 4470 ± 110 B.P. (GIN-15384) and charcoal - 6999 ± 25(IGAN 7468). Its lower level contains rare flint artifacts. Its upper level contains ceramics similar to layer 2. The report covers the results of geomorphological studies carried out using drilling, phytolith analysis data and palynological data. The synthesis of the results made it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in moisture conditions and determine the beginning of alluvial deposition in the floodplain (about 5000 B.P.). The increase in humidity in the floodplain in the Ist millennium AD confirmed the data on the relationship between the topography of the Migration Period settlements located in the highest areas above the river level and natural conditions.