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In the mantle, beneath the rift zone, passive rifting is accompanied by forced convection, provided by a combination of mutually balancing vertical and horizontal flows. The "thermal anticline” which is formed on the axis of the ascending flow may become a "driving force "of free convection on reaching the appropriate values of Rayleigh number, marking the transition to active rifting with corresponding magmatism. This changes of the direction of relative displacement along the boundary listric faults, formed by the passive rifting, and forms the "shoulders" of the rift.