ИСТИНА

The advanced development of the Russian Arctic zone reflects the strategic plan adopted recently by the Federal government. One of the central position in it is occupied by the project devoted to the Northern Sea Route active exploitation. Such activity concerns both- marine and coastal nature management systems connected with their transformation. This fact is of special concern in order to achieve the sustainable development goals foreseen by the adopted Strategy at the background of specific environmental, socioeconomic and ecological characteristics of the Russian Arctic region. Noticeable nature management conflicts are known in this region since the early 20th c. They resulted in the existence of acute ecological problems (pollution, loss of biodiversity, etc.) as well as social problems (heightened morbidity, loss of family-tribal lands of indigenous population, etc.). Possible new nature management conflicts emergence in the Russian Arctic coastal zone requires a comprehensive forecast to prevent their appearance or develop mitigation measures. Nature management conflict is a certain crises in a social-natural system. Its manifestations in the Arctic zone are various and depend on the type of anthropogenic impact with which their size is connected as well. The following types of anthropogenic impact will be typical in the coastal zone: mechanical environment disruptions connected with new sea ports and roads construction and modernization (Indiga, Tiksi, Salehard-Nadym, at the background of climatic changes, etc.); environment pollution connected with new sites of hydrocarbons and other mineral resources extraction and primary processing, urbanized territories expansion; heightened rate of biological resources exploitation because of population growth; overlapping of territories with new types of nature management (industrial, transport)and traditional types of indigenous peoples living there. Dimensions of possible conflict territories may be assessed using analogic cases of the already existing ones. In case of air pollution – up to 200 km along the prevailing wind direction, in case of overlapping – several km, etc. But it must be kept in mind, that negative anthropogenic processes often have cumulative effects. There are two variants of nature management conflicts typical for this territory. The first is connected with irrational exploitation of local ecosystem services pools. The second- with violation of the indigenous population right to maintain traditional economy (reindeer breeding, hunting, etc.). Conflicts mitigation measures are connected with the improvement of territorial planning practice based on the existing legislation, ecological-economic studies of local ecosystems services pools, etc.