ИСТИНА

Owing to already existing climate monitoring systems (based on station data and remote sensing data), climate of the second half of the 20th century and current climate are known in sufficient detail.   This information is refined with the help of mathematical models of the Earth's climate system, which provide climate reanalyses, as well as describe future climate changes under various scenarios of anthropogenic impacts on the climate system.   The huge diversity of natural and socio-economic systems is a serious obstacle to the widespread use of ground-based monitoring systems to assess the impacts of climate change. The development of those monitoring systems, methodological and instrumental support, as well as maintenance in working order requires a huge financing.   Therefore, for assessing impacts and risks associated with the climate change, it is expedient to use the method of mathematical modeling. Such ad hoc models could convert climate changes into responses of various systems, which are then subject for processing with the use of big data technologies.