ИСТИНА

Background. The problem of whether or not human papillomaviruses are carcinogenic for human bladder urothelium is not novel. However it is not solved yet. Objectives. To analyse causes of discrepant results by research groups and to design investigation plan by means of literature data analysis. To study possible links between HPV and bladder cancer (BC) in Russia. Methods. Transitional cell BC, morphologically normal bladder lining from the same patients and normal bladder specimens from non-oncological patients were studied. PCR with several primer sets, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR products, RT-PCR, immunohistochemical detection of HPV16 oncoprotein E7 were performed. Conclusion. The results obtained are in agreement with the notion that HPV play some role in bladder urothelium malignization.