ИСТИНА

Traditional conception that rural population is employed in agriculture or forestry is outdated for many scientists, but is still actual for the government. Therefore the most part of rural inhabitants statistical data is collected by organizations of Ministry of Agriculture. The main part of data is tracked about agricultural employment in rural areas. The detailed data from census-2010 in Russia published in 2013-2014 gives more information about rural labour market except agriculture and forestry. Field trips helped make the information more exact. The huge part of rural inhabitants (around 29%) in working age has no work, but they aren`t jobless. The official data says about 2-4% unemployment. That people have some kinds of welfare payments (due to disability or after working in severe conditions) or they live on their relatives` money. The same part (29-31%) of rural inhabitants in working age works as commuters or even at long shifts, spending a week or more far away from home. It brings more money than local jobs, but it is really exhausting and often is a part of the shadow economy. Other part of rural inhabitants in working age has traditional for rural areas jobs as farmers (12-15%), social workers (10-12%) or in another local industries. The ratio of the above-mentioned groups depends on many factors. The most important of them are the transport accessibility and the quality of housing. The better they are the more part of inhabitants becomes commuters or works at shifts. In other cases (particularly on the periphery) rural people try to do one`s possible to find some kinds of welfare payments or to move to the big city to have a permanent residence there.