ИСТИНА

Urinary bladder pathology is actual problem nowadays. Bowel reconstruction of non-functioning bladder remains the gold standard, despite various complications. Recently were published successful attempts of bladder replacement with in vitro generated neo-organ containing autologous cells. But that method is unsuitable for patients with total fibrous transformation of the bladder. So it is promising to use allogenic cells for bladder reconstruction. The purpose of this study is creation of grafts containing allogenic cells to restore damaged bladder tissue. The poly-L,L-lactide/silk fibroin scaffold appeared to be mechanically strong, elastic and non-toxic. In first group scaffolds were filled with collagen gel and bone marrow stromal cells; in second – with dermal fibroblasts. Grafts were transplanted in vivo after partial rabbit bladder resection. 2 months post-surgery we evaluated safety of implants and character of the implantation-site tissue organization. The graft containing bone marrow cells integrated well with surrounding tissues, caused mild inflammation without manifested bladder capacity decrease. Initial stages of tissue reparation occurred at the implantation site. Opposite transplantation of allogenic fibroblasts-containing graft led to active inflammatory response with a pronounced bladder capacity reduction and implant rejection. Although recent studies showed native-like tissue formation in neo-bladder, its functionality is not fully investigated. Many issues must be resolved before widespread use of these technologies: contractility, innervation and vascularization of tissue-engineered grafts, and its subsequent physiological functioning. This work was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (№14-50-00068)