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Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is an obligate biotrophic parasite causing stem rust on wheat. Stem rust has re-emerged in importance internationally because of the occurrence of Sr31-virulent race TTKS (Ug99 and related strains) in Africa. Race Ug99 and its derivatives threaten global wheat production because they overcome widely used genes that had been effective for many years. Wheat crops in the Central region of Russia have not been threatened by stem rust until 2012 when winter wheat cultivar Nemchinovskaya 24 was infected. The local pathogen was tested on 65 wheat cultivars with Sr resistant genes to recommend the effective donors of resistance to stem rust. The genetic and cytological analyses of P. graminis on different wild grasses were done to study the host effect. No member of the Ug99 lineage has been identified in the Central Russia.