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We have produced nanoparticles loaded with antitumor drug paclitaxel. Operated nanoparticles were prepared on the base of a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer of bacterial origin, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). PHB nanoparticles with paclitaxel (230±55 nm in diameter) were obtained and investigated. It was shown that nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel caused inhibition of cell growth of breast cancer cell culture MFC-7 during 72 hours incubation in concentration dependent manner. Moreover, the in vitro antiproliferative action of biopolymer drug release system was more effective that antitumor action of commercially available paclitaxel drug dosage form, Taxol. Antiproliferative action of biopolymer nanoparticles was valid even after its incubation in buffer solution at 37°C for 45 days.