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The mammalian pannexin family is homologous to invertebrate gap junction proteins, innexins. Pannexin channels are regulated by various physiological stimuli, pointing to their important functions. Panx1 is the main isoform detected in arterial vessels. In larger arteries Panx1 is expressed in endothelium, while in smaller arteries it is found both in endothelium and smooth muscle. Panx1 localized in the smooth muscle strengthens adrenergic vasoconstriction through ATP release and activation of P2Y receptors. Panx1 localized in the endothelium facilitates arterial relaxation via EDH and NO mechanisms.