ИСТИНА

Проект направлен на разработку и изучение физико-химических свойств различных ГКР(гигантское комбинационное рассеяние света)-активных композитных сенсорных наноматериалов на основе наноструктур кремния с внедренными частицами плазмонных металлов (серебро или/и золото) для комплексного безметочного определения метаболитов патогенных бактерий, диагностики вирусов и бактерий в образцах биологических жидкостей, изучения внутриклеточных процессов, а также определения онкомаркеров.

urrently, the rapid development of science and technology raises the question of the direction of the application of advanced achievements for health care, namely for the transition to personalized medicine, high-tech healthcare and health-saving technologies. In this regard, the urgent task is to develop highly sensitive nano-biosensors for qualitative and quantitative rapid analysis of microorganisms, as well as markers of socially significant diseases: from low molecular weight to proteins, viruses and bacteria in biological fluids. A major breakthrough in the field of biosensorics is now expected from the application of the optical non-invasive method of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for these purposes, since it is characterized by high sensitivity, specificity and speed of response. The SERS method consists in enhancing the intensity (billions of times) of the Raman optical signal from molecules when using special SERS-active substrates containing noble metal particles (usually gold, silver, copper) to record the analytical signal. The sensitivity of the method directly depends on the morphological features of the substrates used: not only the shape and size of the metal particles is of great importance, but also their location in the solid-state matrix - the basis of the sensor layer. It is impossible to create one universal substrate that equally amplifies the signal of various analytes (so it is commonly called the analyze substances — from molecules to bio-objects). Therefore, for each specific analyte, it is necessary to create its own substrate - a biosensor possessing the SERS activity necessary for its identification. The main requirements for SERS-active nanostructures are their chemical inertness (substrates should give an analytical response only to the substances being determined and not contribute to the analyzed spectrum), high sensitivity, reproducibility both with respect to analytes and from sensor to sensor, ease of preparation, storage stability. The selectivity of such substrates is largely due to the selectivity of the method used: different molecules of the analyzed substances have a different signal in the SERS spectrum (the so-called “fingerprint” is a peak at a certain frequency in the spectrum). In addition, for selective sorption of the analyte contained in the biological fluid, the surface of the sensors can be coated with antibodies that provide complementary binding. This approach is often used to create microfluidic cells, where the analysis takes place in-situ. This project is aimed at the development and study of the physicochemical properties of various SERS-active composite sensor nanomaterials based on silicon nanostructures with embedded particles of plasmon metals (silver and/or gold), which can be used for complex marker-free determination of pathogenic bacteria metabolites, for the diagnosis of viruses and bacteria in samples of biological fluids, for studying intracellular processes, as well as determining tumor markers. For each analyte under study, a unique SERS-active substrate - a biosensor, will be synthesized and selected, which will provide its effective specific sorption and maximum signal amplification. At each stage of the work, a detailed theoretical analysis of the amplification mechanisms of the optical signals of analytes obtained using various composite nanostructures will be carried out. The presence of a multidisciplinary scientific group involved in all stages of the project, consisting of physicists, chemists and biologists - motivated students and graduate students, as well as experienced employees, will ensure the optimal achievement of the innovative scientific tasks set in the project.