Multilocus species trees and species delimitation in a temporal context: application to the water shrews of the genus Neomys

Igea, J.; Aymerich, P.; Bannikova, A.A.; Gosálbez, J.; Castresana, J.

Авторы: Igea J., Aymerich P., Bannikova A.A., Gosálbez J., Castresana J.
Журнал: BMC Evolutionary Biology
Том: 15
Номер: 209
Год издания: 2015
Издательство: BioMed Central
Местоположение издательства: London
Первая страница: 2
Последняя страница: 16
DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0485-z.
Аннотация: Background: Multilocus data are becoming increasingly important in determining the phylogeny of closely relate species and delimiting species. In species complexes where unequivocal fossil calibrations are not available, rigorous dating of the coalescence-based species trees requires accurate mutation rates of the loci under study b generally, these rates are unknown. Here, we obtained lineage-specific mutation rates of these loci from a higher- level phylogeny with a reliable fossil record and investigated how different choices of mutation rates and species tree models affected the split time estimates. We implemented this strategy with a genus of water shrews, Neomy whose taxonomy has been contentious over the last century. Results: We sequenced 13 introns and cytochrome b from specimens of the three species currently recognized i this genus including two subspecies of N. anomalus that were originally described as species. A Bayesian multiloc species delimitation method and estimation of gene flow supported that these subspecies are distinct evolutiona lineages that should be treated as distinct species: N. anomalus (sensu stricto), limited to part of the Iberian Peninsula, and N. milleri, with a larger Eurasian range. We then estimated mutation rates from a Bayesian relaxed clock analysis of the mammalian orthologues with several fossil calibrations. Next, using the estimated Neomys-specifi rates for each locus in an isolation-with-migration model, the split time for these sister taxa was dated at 0.40 Myr ag (with a 95 % confidence interval of 0.26 – 0.86 Myr), likely coinciding with one of the major glaciations of the Middle Pleistocene. We also showed that the extrapolation of non-specific rates or the use of simpler models would lead to very different split time estimates. Conclusions: We showed that the estimation of rigorous lineage-specific mutation rates for each locus allows the inference of robust split times in a species tree framework. These times, in turn, afford a better understanding of thetimeframe required to achieve isolation and, eventually, speciation in sister lineages. The application of specie delimitation methods and an accurate dating strategy to the genus Neomys helped to clarify its controversial taxonomy.
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Multilocus species trees and species delimitation in a temporal context: application to the water shrews of the genus Neomysстатья

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