Город как заказник»: (пока?) упускаемая возможность

Фридман, В.С.

Автор: Фридман В.С.
Сборник: Памяти Германа Павловича Гапочки
Глава в коллективной монографии
Год издания: 2018
Место издания: МАКС Пресс Москва
Первая страница: 164
Последняя страница: 193
Аннотация: The modern city is unexpectedly a sort of potential «wildlife sanctuary», as the conservation of the region biodiversity. This means that native species and/or communities (the latter being restored from the industrial analogues) could be more efficient in the city rather than beyond it. Potential of cities to conserve butterflies and other pollinators in urban herbal communities are already evident, and citizens defend them. The potencies to protect native species resulting from their recurrent urbanization are still to be explored. These potencies are discussed here with a special reference to the ornithological data. Such recurrent urbanization is shown to be the only chance to conserve rare and vulnerable species in the densely populated areas of Europe, North America, Japan and other fragments of the «global city». This chance becomes more relevant for surviving of even common/abundant species whose populations are under increasing destabilization because of substitution of the traditional agricultural landscapes by expanding cities. The article covers the following topics. 1) What is the recurrent urbanization as the chance for survival? Why native animal species get adaptive advantages in urban landscapes, while these advantages are available neither in industrially transformed areas (such as farmlands), nor in intact natural habitats. The plant species seem to react similarly, but their reactions need deeper exploration. 2) What are benefits of urban landscapes, which permit invasive species to survive in densely populated regions? How do city landscapes enable urbanization of every species of the native fauna? 3) How do adaptations for urban colonizing allow species to be unaffected by the island effect? 4) How successfully do the vulnerable, conservative and specialized bird species invade the urban landscapes? 5) What can (and should) people do to arrange the «technogenous analogues» of the native habitats to provide successful urbanization of species? 6) The paradoxes of urban ecosystems are also discussed which enable people to partly avoid some common limitations of the territorial protection of nature, when the species, not the communities, are under conservation.
Добавил в систему: Фридман Владимир Семёнович

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