Аннотация:Environmental safety is discussed through the types and sources of hazards and the key
vulnerabilities of ecosystems. The probabilistic occurrence and origin of hazards is underlined,
with constant and mandatory safety. A new category for characterizing the soil ecosystem (SE) -
soil health (SH) is given. Modern definitions of SE and SH are given. The parameters
characterizing the health of the soil - the heterotrophic soil health parameter (HSHP) and the selfsustainment parameter of SE by biophilic elements (PSBE) - are listed. The possibility of using
these parameters for the diagnosis of SE and therapy is indicated. There is a new development in
the natural ecosystem safety in the form of stimulation of the suppressive activity of the soil
ecosystem. The concepts of hazard hazards, their assessment, calculation and prediction of the
emergence of new environmental hazards in ecosystems are discussed. The application of a
multifactorial approach in describing risks in organic farming and the risks of spreading to
surrounding active migratory biological pollutants is considered. The role of probabilistic analysis
is mentioned when using the classical "frequency" statistical method and Bayesian statistics. It is
noted that in order to increase the forecasting and predictability of multifactor analysis, it is
necessary to introduce into the system of data, as constantly important indicators, the laws and
concepts of the functioning of biological systems.