Concentrator In2O3:F/(n+pp+)c-Si/Al solar cells with Al-alloyed BSF and Ag-free multi-wire metallization using transparent conductive polymersстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 4 января 2019 г.
Аннотация:Cost-effective low concentrator c-Si-based PV systems have been under development for more than 30 years without any significant commercial break-through. One primary reason for that is the cost and availability of Si cells for such applications. We have developed high efficiency low concentrator crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells using the standard SiNx/(n+pp+)c-Si/Al structures with a P-doped n+-emitter and screen-printed Al-alloyed Al-p+ back-surface-field (BSF). Ag-free multi-wire metallization has been applied using transparent conductive polymers. We have investigated seven groups of solar cell structures based on both Cz-Si and mc-Si and produced by the BSF formation processes with various peak firing temperatures (TF) in a conveyor belt furnace. TF was varied in the range of 820,940 °C in 20 °C steps. Surface morphology of the structures has been examined
by scanning electron microscope. External quantum efficiency, reflection spectra, sheet resistance, Suns-Voc and current–voltage dependence under illumination have been studied. The structures obtained at TF=860 °C have been used for fabrication of low concentrator solar cells based on an indium fluorine oxide (IFO)/(n+pp+)c-Si/Al structure. Transparent conductive IFO films, acting as passivating and antireflection electrodes, were grown by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. A copper wire contact pattern was attached by low-temperature lamination simultaneously to the front (IFO) and rear (Al) layers using transparent conductive polymer films (laminated grid cell (LGCell) design). The best LGCells from Cz-Si/mc-Si showed an efficiency of 18.3–19.2%/15.9–16.7% in the operating range of 1–12 suns/1–10 suns.