Аннотация:According to our recent observations, basilar artery (cerebral) and saphenous artery (hindlimb, mainly cutaneous) of C57BL/6 mice demonstrated qualitatively different alterations after 30-day-long spaceflight on the Bion-M №1 biosatellite. The endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was suppressed in basilar artery but somewhat augmented in saphenous artery. Beside different location in the mouse body (rostral vs. caudal), such diverse post-flight alterations can be associated with the inherent differences in the contribution of endothelium-derived mechanisms in these arteries. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that murine basilar and saphenous arteries differ in the contribution of endothelium-derived mechanisms to the regulation of their smooth muscle tone. We showed that basilar and saphenous arteries of the mouse differ in the mechanisms of endothelium-dependent regulation of their smooth muscle tone. Endothelium-dependent relaxation response of basilar artery is caused by the additive effects of NO and EDHF pathways, each of which provides about half of the total relaxation response. However, saphenous artery demonstrates the redistribution of endothelium-derived pathways: reduced EDHF activity can be compensated by the increased contribution of NO and vice versa. Such redistribution of endothelium-dependent relaxation components in saphenous artery may underlie the unchanged or even elevated relaxation response after spaceflight in cutaneous vascular bed.