Аннотация:Field works in September 2015 have confirmed the existence of the permafrost, which were discovered in 1934 by M.A. Lavrova, on the southern shore of the Cola peninsula. Peat mounts and ridges of a complicated configuration up to 1,5 meters high "swim" in thawed soil. At the end of the thawing season the power of the active layer doesn't exceed 0,6 m. The main factor of the conservation of the permafrost are powerful (3 meters and more) lenses and the horizons of the peat which were conservated in the ancient lake hollows. During the latest 100 years at the Cola peninsula the temperature changes are characterized by the quasicyclicity, and now it is increasing considerably: the value of the trend for 1980 - 2009 are 5,5оС/100 years.