|
ИСТИНА |
Войти в систему Регистрация |
ИСТИНА ИНХС РАН |
||
THE EFFECT OF IMMISSION LOAD AND VARIOUS SOIL-CONDITIONS ON THE RESISTANCE OF WINTER CEREALS TO STRESSES OF WINTER PERIODстатья
Информация о цитировании статьи получена из
Web of Science
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 23 января 2020 г.
- Авторы: Malirova J., Petrikova V., Ustjak S.
- Журнал: Rostlinna Vyroba
- Том: 41
- Номер: 7
- Год издания: 1995
- Первая страница: 303
- Последняя страница: 309
- Аннотация: The effect of immission load and various soil conditions on the resistance of winter cereals to stresses of winter period was investigated through the provocative pot (box) method. Selected cereals (winter wheat Mironovska, winter wheat Zdar and winter triticale Dagro) were sown in boxes placed in two positions - on the ground (at 5 of cm height) and higher above ground, at 50 cm height on the window sill. The effect of substrate (topsoil, combination of topsoil and power-plane ash in ratio 1:1 and ash) and fertilizing by cattle slurry were assessed during overwintering. Air and substrate temperatures were investigated along with emergence of plants, heavy metal contents in substrates, in above-ground parts and roots of plants. The effect of low and very low temperatures (frosts) participated significantly in survival of winter cereals together with interaction of immission load of the site. From the point of view of survival of cereals in the winter season of all tested substrates the best one seemed to be the ash, followed by the combination of topsoil and ash, particularly in the Dagro triticale which attained the highest percentage of survival among all the crops investigated. With a slight difference it was followed by the wheat, cv. Mironovska and the lowest value achieved wheat, cv. Zdar. Accumulation of heavy metals in different varieties is associated with decreased resistance to stresses of the winter which was the highest in winter wheat, cv. Zdar, the lowest one in winter wheat, cv. Mironovska. It is possible that just this increased accumulation of noxious, harmful substances is a result of lower resistance of crops to stress conditions of cold and immissions. An application of high rates of liquid manure increased final yields of dry biomass by better supply of nutrients, but on the other hand, it reduced significantly survival of plants in winter period and increased transfer of heavy metals from substrates into plants. After application of slurry heavy metals accumulated much more in plant roots what is testified to the function of roots as biochemical barrier for contamination of plants by heavy metals. That is why the ratio of content of heavy metals in above-ground parts to roots in fertilized treatments significantly dropped what is a result of increase in the percentage of roots in accumulation of heavy metals by plants. As for the effect of different substrates to the resistance of winter cereals to stresses of the environment and immission load (what is manifested in survival of plants and their accumulation of harmful substances), the best seemed to be the floating power-plant ash which create optimal agrophysical conditions for the plant growth and is less contaminated by heavy metals (except for As) than common agricultural soils. Therefore, the content of heavy metals in roots and above-ground parts of plants cultivated on ash in all elements (except for As) is usually lower than in the plants cultivated on the mixture of topsoil and ash. This difference in transfer of heavy metals from substrate into plants between ash alone and its mixture with topsoil correspond also to the differences in contamination of substrates by different elements.
- Добавил в систему: Устяк Сергей Антонович