Аннотация:Environmental and human rights issues have a long controversial history in Russia. The need to achieve communist “far bright future” during the Soviet era contradicted to the social and environmental interests of the common people. High levels of industrial pollution in the cities as well as major projects like extensive exploration of arable lands in 1950 or northern rivers reverse in 1970 were typical results. Some changes occurred after the beginning of “Perestroyka” in 1980: human rights issues became an important part of the democratization and liberalization agenda. Therefore solving of environmental problems was among the interests of new liberals (Larin et al. 2003). Implementation of the state environmental regulation together with development of human rights institutions during the 90’s, were neglected to a considerable degree by later established political regime. In 2002 Vladimir Putin, who was the president of Russia that time, stated that “economic growth based on natural resource exploitation is the main goal of federal policy” (Khaliy 2006).