Аннотация:The Gomphonema Ehrenberg species from freshwater ecosystems of Russia are poorly known. New data about Gomphonema species using molecular and morphological investigation will be shown. The aim of this study is taxonomical revision and documentation of species diversity of Gomphonema taxa from water ecosystems of Central Russia (Moscow region), Siberian waterbodies and Lake Baikal. During this investigation, 7 species are new for the science were found. We will discuss morphology and distribution of Gomphonema makarovae Lange-Bertalot, G. distans (Cleve-Euler) Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. subarcticum Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. parvulius (Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt) Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. duplipunctatum Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. sphenovertex Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt, G. jergackianum E.Reichardt 2009, G. popovae Levadnaja, G. medioasiae Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Nergui 2009 and G. demersum E.Reichardt 2009. Molecular data received allow to us discuss phylogeny of some species.