Аннотация:Abstract
Agricultural use effects on basic physical properties of soils: water-holding capacity, organic matter content, particle size distribution, rheological behaver. This article presents the study of water retentione curve, swelling, organic matter content and some of the rheological characteristics of soil behavior under the load. The objects of research were the upper layers (0-10sm) of chernozem pachic( WRB,2006)(Kursk region, Russia) in different land use: agricultural arable, adjoining forest belt (the Petrinka area), bare fallow, oak forest, virgin steppe (Kursk Biosphere Reserve named by V.V. Alekhin). The upper parts of the water retention curves were determined by the desorption of water vapors over the saturated salt solutions, and lower parts - by centrifugation. The soil swelling was determined by device "PNG-10". The texture was determined by Fritsch Laser Diffraction Particle Sizer ANALYSETTE-22 (Germany). Soil organic matter contents were determined by combustion (AN-7529 analyzer). The rheological characteristics were obtained by amplitude sweep test on the MCR-302 rheometer (Anton Paar, Austria) [1]. It is shown that the resistance of soil structure to loadings, water absorbing and water-retaining abilities of soils are defined by the content of organic matter of soils.
Key words:soil structure, organic matter, soil water retention, swelling, integral zone z.