Аннотация:Abstract By the early twentieth century, mankind has become global in shape andgeographically close to the planet. A hundred years have passed since then. Theworld community has finally become a single global system. However, as before,it represents a variety of different social systems, each of which has a unique andinimitable culture. At the same time, all these social systems are at different stages ofcivilizational development. All attempts to explain the new global world by using oldcategories and established approaches do not give the desired result. Such conceptsas” culture “or” civilization “ reflect only certain aspects of social life. The authorproposes to use a new integrative category—”cultural and civilizational system,”which allows to see all social systems simultaneously in their difference and unity.According to the author, humanity will always be divided on cultural grounds. Atthe same time, as the level of civilization increases, it will increasingly become asingle cultural and civilizational system, wheremutual understanding, tolerance, anddialogue will become the rule, not the exception.