Аннотация:The paper discusses the main approaches to Coastal Zone Management in South America. Regional differentiation affects the land use structure of each country in the region. Current economic and social needs determine management tools. The geographical and environmental characteristics of Argentina and Peru show different techniques in the study of the impacts of anthropogenic activities in the coastal zone. In the region, the problems of natural resource management, land use in the coastal zone are related to vulnerable ecosystems, such as estuaries, inland waterways, the shores covered with mangroves. In Argentina, changes have occurred over the past 15 years in relation to the degradation of arable land, the Paraná River region, Southern Patagonia. All changes occur in a range not more than 100 km from the coast. For Peru, the problem of coastal ecosystems is the increase in marine water pollution.Keyword: coastal zone, Integrated Coastal Management, Argentina, Peru, land use, human impact.