Middle Pleistocene genome calibrates a revised evolutionary history of extinct cave bears

Barlow, A.; Paijmans, J.L.; Alberti, F.; Gasparyan, B.; Bar-Oz, G.; Pinhasi, R.; Foronova, I.; Puzachenko, A.Y.; Pacher, M.; Dalen, L.; Baryshnikov, G.; Hofreiter, M.

Авторы: Barlow A., Paijmans J.L.A, Alberti F., Gasparyan B., Bar-Oz G., Pinhasi R., Foronova I., Puzachenko A.Y., Pacher M., Dalen L., Baryshnikov G., Hofreiter M.
Журнал: Current Biology
Том: 31
Год издания: 2021
Издательство: Cell Press
Местоположение издательства: United States
Первая страница: 1
Последняя страница: 9
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.073
Аннотация: Palaeogenomes provide the potential to study evolutionary processes inreal time, but this potential is limited by our ability to recover genetic data over extended timescales.1 As a consequence, most studies so far have focused on samples of Late Pleistocene or Holocene age, which covers only a small part of the history of many clades and species. Here, we report the recovery of a low coverage palaeogenome from the petrous bone of a 360,000 year old cave bear from Kudaro 1 cave in the Caucasus Mountains. Analysis of this genome alongside those of several Late Pleistocene cave bears reveals widespread mito-nuclear discordance in thisgroup. Using the time interval between Middle and Late Pleistocene cave bear genomes, we directly estimate ursid nuclear and mitochondrial substitution rates to calibrate their respective phylogenies. This reveals postdivergence mitochondrial transfer as the dominant factor explaining their mito-nuclear discordance. Interestingly, these transfer events were not accompanied by large-scale nuclear introgression. However, we do detectadditional instances of nuclear admixture among other cave bear lineages, and between cave bears and brown bears, which are not associated with mitochondrial exchange. Genomic data obtained from the Middle Pleistocene cave bear petrous bone has thus facilitated a revised evolutionary history of this extinct megafaunal group. Moreover, it suggests that petrous bones may provide a means of extending both the magnitude and time depth of palaeogenome retrieval over substantial portions of the evolutionary histories of many mammalian clades.
Добавил в систему: Пузаченко Андрей Юрьевич

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Middle Pleistocene genome calibrates a revised evolutionary history of extinct cave bearsстатья

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