Spruce girdling decreases abundance of fungivorous soil nematodes in a boreal forestстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Аннотация:The relative importance of belowground and aboveground energy inputs for the decomposer communities in soilremains largely unknown. In particular, no research has been done on the significance of root-derived resourcesfor nematode communities in boreal forests. In two spruce stands in the taiga zone, we set up a field experimentin which girdling of spruce trees and clipping of dwarf shrubs was performed. Root-derived resources werehypothesized to be highly important; accordingly, we expected to observe a suppression of the nematodecommunity after experimental manipulations. To obtain information on the nature of changes in the soil foodweb, nematode community structure indices were applied. In partial confirmation of our hypothesis, sprucegirdling decreased mycorrhizal hyphae biomass as assessed via in-growth mesh bags, as well as the abundance offungivorous nematodes, mostly of the Aphelenchoides and Filenchus genera. The enrichment index (EI) valuedecreased, indicating reduction of organic matter inputs into the soil food web, whereas nematode channel ratio(NCR) index value increased, indicating a shift towards domination of the bacterial energy channel. Totalnematode abundance, genera richness, and abundance of herbivores, omnivores, and predators did not change inresponse to spruce girdling. Clipping of dwarf shrubs decreased fungal and bacterial PLFA biomarkers, but didnot affect nematode communities. Thus, the resources channeled in soil by the roots of canopy trees are ofdifferent relative importance for nematodes having different trophic habits. Fungivorous nematodes are at leastpartly dependent on root-derived resources, suggesting feeding on ectomycorrhizal mycelium. Rhizodeposits ofunderstory vegetation are likely of low importance for nematodes.