Аннотация:Nighttime lights (NTL) data are excellent indicators of the intensities of human activities. Over the past two decades, NTL data have been used to map values associated with human activities, and to study the spatial and temporal changes. Since 2012, an improved sensor, the Day/Night Band (DNB) low-light visible sensor of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP), has become available, which allows higher quality NTL data to be retrieved. The improved temporal frequency and spatial resolution of the data allow us to improve the accuracy of the analyses. This chapter presents the first man-made carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission map based on NASA's Black Marble NTL Product Suite (NBM) (VNP46). The performance of NBM as an estimator of man-made CO 2 emissions is examined in comparison to previous NTL and population estimators. We show that the urban emission representation in the new NBM-based CO 2 map is likely closer to the truth than previous NTL-based CO 2 maps via an atmospheric modeling experiment. We also discuss the advantages and new challenges in the use of NBM for mapping CO 2 from cities .