Аннотация:This study describes the results of a detailed study (morphology, XRD, Mössbauer and FTIRspectroscopies,SEM-EDS) of paleosol (PS) developed at the surface of Pre-Cambrian weathering crust offerruginous quartzite (Kursk Magnetic Anomaly Region). The age of soil formation is estimated as pre- Eifelian.Being developed from pyrite bearing metamorphic rock, the PS includes the characteristics of severalpedogenic units, mostly Lithosol and acid sulphate soil. Its specific feature is intensive pedogenesis withinthe rock at a depth of 10–15 cm, and negligible at the surface. The PS was developed under low monotypicvegetation cover. The sub-micromorphology of plant fragments shows that they belong to either primitiveLycopodiophyta or to Propteridophyta. The similarity between the micromorphology of fragments of surfaceand subsurface parts of plants shows the development of primitive roots. Azonality of soil characteristicsmakes paleoclimate reconstructions difficult. For instance, evidence of deep mineral weathering, such asquartz and hematite dissolution, the formation of kaolinite, and mineral crust development may reflect climatehumidity or aggressive weathering caused by sulfide oxidation.. The newly formed gypsum could be aproduct of deep pyrite oxidation rather than accumulation due to climate aridity. However, its preservationsuggests non-humid (semi-arid), rather than humid environments.