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Monitoring ASF in wildlife: virus survival in wild boar carcasses and disinfection methods (review)статья
Статья опубликована в журнале из списка RSCI Web of Science
Статья опубликована в журнале из перечня ВАК- Авторы: Blokhin A.A., Burova O.A., Toropova N.N., Zakharova O.I., Iashin I.V., Korennoy F.I.
- Журнал: Ветеринария
- Том: 25
- Номер: 3
- Год издания: 2022
- Первая страница: 14
- Последняя страница: 21
- DOI: 10.30896/0042-4846.2022.25.3.14-21
- Аннотация: The study of the ASF virus survival in the wild boar population and carcasses is carried out within the framework of active and passive monitoring. In different phases of the ASF epizootic in wild boar populations, active and passive monitoring have different efficacy in detecting ASF virus. Thus, during the first year after the introduction of the disease into new territories, passive monitoring allows detecting much more cases of ASF than hunting. Sampling is carried out from corpses in varying degrees of decomposition, which makes it possible to establish the safety of the ASF virus depending on the degree of decomposition of the corpse. Soft tissues and bone marrow are used as a specialty. The survival rate of the ASF virus is determined by a number of factors: the type of substrate and temperature. In the environment, the stability of ASF virus in dead wild boar tissues varies with matrix and temperature. In the spleen, kidneys and lungs of infected animals at 20° C, the virus remains viable for up to 6 months. In water, straw and hay at 4° C, the virus remains viable for at least 56 days. Rotting gradually inactivates the ASF virus, for example, at 23 ° C, rotting of the spleen leads to a rapid decrease in the survival rate of the virus (half-life of 0.44 days) and makes it impossible to isolate it from the specimen. Soil PH, structure and ambient temperature play a significant role in the stability of the infectious ASF virus. ASF virus DNA can be detected in the soil of dead wild boars for at least 4 weeks. At the same time, the infectious ASF virus in the soil of forests and meadows persists for 1 week, and in the soil from swampy areas for 3 days. In the sand, the viability of the virus lasts at least 3 weeks. In acidic forest soils, the virus quickly dies. Artificial acidification of the soil with citric acid or the addition of calcium hydroxide completely inactivates the virus in the soil. In addition, trivial disinfectants (chlorine-containing substances, alkalis, aldehydes) are very effective in inactivating the ASF virus in soil and other natural substrates where wild boar carcasses can be found. Therefore, their use should be recommended in the implementation of various veterinary and sanitary measures for the detection of ASF in wild boar populations.
- Добавил в систему: Коренной Фёдор Игоревич