Аннотация:There exist at least two approaches to the teaching of every subject, including mathematics. The first one is as old as the world (or, at least, as the education). According to this approach, to teach something means to outline what you teach. The great majority of teachers appreciates this approach. Because the realization of this approach in most cases reduces to the telling of stories about what is taught, I call this approach by «storytelling».There also exists another approach, which goes from the famous statement by Aristotle: «We learn something only when we do what we learn.» From this statement, I think, was born the following idea by Herbert Spencer: «What does it mean to teach? — It means to encourage the students systematically to their discoveries» (as it was formulated by George Pólya and Gabor Segö in the epigraph to the preface of their book “Problems and Theorems in Analysis” and repeated in Polya, G., (1981)). This approach to teaching is natural to call «discovering».In this paper, I intend to look closely to these approaches (mainly, concerning mathematics), to identify their advantages and disadvantages, and to consider the work of brain hemispheres within these approaches.