Application of Synthetic Hydrogels As Novel Multifunctional Soil Amendments

Ilyasov, L.; Panova, I.

Авторы: Ilyasov Leonid, Panova Irina
Сборник: MACRO 2022 Book of Abstracts
Тезисы
Год издания: 2022
Место издания: Winnipeg, Canada
Первая страница: 296
Последняя страница: 296
Номер статьи: V-ORAL18
Аннотация: While using polyelectrolytes as soil ameliorants, there are two main directions. The first is the use of linear polymersin order to create a protective polymer-soil cover, which prevents erosion by wind/water flows and mechanicaldestruction of soils in general. The second direction is the use of hydrophilic crosslinked polymers with networkstructure, which form hydrogels in aqueous medium, capable of long-term moisture retention, and when mixedwith soil, significantly increase soil moisture retention. At the same time, there are almost no descriptions ofsynthetic polymeric soil conditioners with both effects combined. This work presents the application of two crosslinked copolymers as promising soil conditioners with double effect.The first material, presented here, is a microgel based on a crosslinked copolymer of polyacrylic acid andN-isopropylacrylamide. It was obtained by emulsion polymerization with an average diameter of beads of ~40 nm.The microgel was applied to sandy soil in a form of 1% solution by sprinkling it over the soil surface. As a result,a polymer-soil crust was formed. The formation of crust was possible due to the small size of separate microgelparticles, which allowed them to bind separate soil particles. The crust was demonstrated to be stable againststrong wind (up to 54 m/s velocity) and water flows. At the same time, the treatment of soil samples with thepolymer greatly enhanced water retention properties compared to an untreated control sample, due to the networkstructure. For example, treatment of sandy soil increased the available water range (AWR) from ~3% to ~16%.The second material is a hydrogel based on a crosslinked copolymer of acrylamide, potassium acrylate and starch.The mass content of crosslinking agent was ~0.04%. It was so low on purpose to make the hydrogel mechanicallyweak so that it is easily deformable and spreadable over the soil surface. The polymer was obtained by graftpolymerization in block, then it was crushed to 0.25-0.5 mm-sized granules. The swollen hydrogel with 1% polymercontent was applied to the soil surface by sprinkling. Likewise, a polymer-soil crust was obtained. This time, it wascreated due to the fact that the swollen hydrogel was able to spread over the surface of the soil and cover all soilparticles with a uniform film. The crust also withstood strong wind/water streams. Simultaneously, treatment ofsandy soil with polymer increased the AWR from 3% to 21%.We compared the presented materials with conventional polymeric soil amendments. First, a linear polymer,polyacrylic acid, also created a mechanically stable polymer-soil crust but it had no impactful water retention.Second, we tested a commercial hydrogel, cross-linked copolymer of acrylamide and potassium acrylate with ~0.2%crosslinking density. In turn, it enhanced the water regime of sandy soil (increased AWR from 3% to 19%), butdid not form any mechanically stable structure. This way, the novel polymeric soil amendments, presented here,combine properties of conventional materials.This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant number 19-29-05036 MK).
Добавил в систему: Ильясов Леонид Олегович

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