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Assessment of Mercury Concentrations and Fluxes Deposited from the Atmosphere on the Territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Areaстатья
- Авторы: Eyrikh Stella, Shol Liliya, Shinkaruk Elena
- Журнал: Atmosphere
- Том: 13
- Номер: 1
- Год издания: 2021
- Издательство: MDPI
- Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
- Первая страница: 37
- DOI: 10.3390/atmos13010037
- Аннотация: The problem of mercury input and its further distribution in the Arctic environment isactively debated, especially in recent times, due to the observed processes of permafrost thawingcausing the enhanced release of mercury into the Arctic atmosphere and further distribution in theterrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. The atmospheric mercury deposition occurs via dry depositionand wet scavenging by precipitation events. Here we present a study of Hg in wet precipitation onthe remote territory of the Russian Arctic; the data were obtained at the monitoring stations Nadymand Salekhard in 2016–2018. Mercury pollution of the Salekhard atmosphere in cold time is mainlydetermined by regional and local sources, while in Nadym, long-range transport of mercury andlocal fuel combustion are the main sources of pollutants in the cold season, while internal regionalsources have a greater impact on the warm season. Total mercury concentrations in wet precipitationin Nadym varied from <0.5 to 63.3 ng/L. The highest Hg concentrations in the springtime weremost likely attributed to atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDE). The contributions of wetatmospheric precipitation during the AMDE period to the annual Hg deposition were 16.7% and 9.8%in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. The average annual volume-weighted Hg concentration(VWC) in the atmospheric precipitation in Nadym is notably higher than the values reported forthe remote regions in the Arctic and comparable with the values obtained for the other urbanizedregions of the world. Annual Hg fluxes in Nadym are nevertheless close to the average annual fluxesfor remote territories of the Arctic zone and significantly lower than the annual fluxes reported forunpolluted sites of continental-scale monitoring networks of the different parts of the world (USA,Europe, and China). The increase of Hg deposition flux with wet precipitation in Nadym in 2018might be caused by regional emissions of gas and oil combustion, wildfires, and Hg re-emission fromsoils due to the rising air temperature. The 37 cm increase of the seasonally thawed layer (STL) in2018 compared to the 10-year average reflects that the climatic changes in the Nadym region mightincrease Hg(0) evasion, considering a great pool of Hg is contained in permafrost.Keywords: mercury; Arctic; atmospheric wet precipitation; deposition fluxes; AMDE; permafrostthawing
- Добавил в систему: Шинкарук Елена Владимировна