Effect of Mineral Carriers on Biofilm Formation and Nitrogen Removal Activity by an Indigenous Anammox Community from Cold Groundwater Ecosystem Alone and Bioaugmented with Biomass from a “Warm” Anammox Reactor

Vishnyakova, A.; Popova, N.; Artemiev, G.; Botchkova, E.; Litti, Y.; Safonov, A.

Авторы: Vishnyakova Anastasia, Popova Nadezhda, Artemiev Grigoriy, Botchkova Ekaterina, Litti Yuriy, Safonov Alexey
Журнал: Biology
Том: 11
Номер: 10
Год издания: 2022
Издательство: MDPI Publishing
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland, Switzerland
Первая страница: 1421
DOI: 10.3390/biology11101421
Аннотация: The complex pollution of aquifers by reduced and oxidized nitrogen compounds is currentlyconsidered one of the urgent environmental problems that require non-standard solutions. Thiswork was a laboratory-scale trial to show the feasibility of using various mineral carriers to createa permeable in situ barrier in cold (10 C) aquifers with extremely high nitrogen pollution andinhabited by the Candidatus Scalindua-dominated indigenous anammox community. It has beenestablished that for the removal of ammonium and nitrite in situ due to the predominant contributionof the anammox process, quartz, kaolin clays of the Kantatsky and Kamalinsky deposits, bentoniteclay of the Berezovsky deposit, and zeolite of the Kholinsky deposit can be used as componentsof the permeable barrier. Biofouling of natural loams from a contaminated aquifer can also occurunder favorable conditions. It has been suggested that the anammox activity is determined by anumber of factors, including the presence of the essential trace elements in the carrier and the surfacemorphology. However, one of the most important factors is competition with other microbial groupsthat can develop on the surface of the carrier at a faster rate. For this reason, carriers with a highspecific surface area and containing the necessary microelements were overgrown with the mostrapidly growing microorganisms. Bioaugmentation with a “warm” anammox community froma laboratory reactor dominated by Ca. Kuenenia improved nitrogen removal rates and biofilmformation on most of the mineral carriers, including bentonite clay of the Dinozavrovoye deposit, aswell as loamy rock and zeolite-containing tripoli, in addition to carriers that perform best with theindigenous anammox community. The feasibility of coupled partial denitrification–anammox andthe adaptation of a “warm” anammox community to low temperatures and hazardous componentscontained in polluted groundwater prior to bioaugmentation should be the scope of future researchto enhance the anammox process in cold, nitrate-rich aquifers.
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Effect of Mineral Carriers on Biofilm Formation and Nitrogen Removal Activity by an Indigenous Anammox Community from Cold Groundwater Ecosystem Alone and Bioaugmented with Biomass from a “Warm” Anammox Reactorстатья

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