Kukri snakes Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 of the Western Palearctic with the resurrection of Contia transcaspica Nikolsky, 1902 (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae)статьяИсследовательская статья
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Аннотация:The kukri snakes of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 reach the westernmost limitsof their distribution in Middle and Southwest Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, andTurkmenistan), and the Palearctic portions of Pakistan. In this article, we review thesystematics and distribution of the two species native to this region, Oligodonarnensis (Shaw, 1802) and Oligodon taeniolatus (Jerdon, 1853) based on anintegrative approach combining morphological, molecular, and species distributionmodeling (SDM) data. Phylogenetic analyses recover O. taeniolatus populations fromIran and Turkmenistan in a clade with the O. arnensis species complex, rendering theformer species paraphyletic relative to O. taeniolatus sensu stricto on the Indiansubcontinent. To correct this, we resurrect the name Contia transcaspica Nikolsky,1902 from the synonymy of O. taeniolatus and assign it to populations inMiddle–Southwest Asia. So far, Oligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. is knownonly from the Köpet–Dag Mountain Range of northeast Iran and southernTurkmenistan, but SDM mapping suggests it may have a wider range. Geneticsamples of O. “arnensis” from northern Pakistan are nested in a clade sister to the recently described Oligodon churahensis Mirza, Bhardwaj & Patel, 2021, and arephylogenetically separate from O. arnensis sensu stricto in south India and Sri Lanka.Based on morphological similarity, the Afghanistan and Pakistan populations areassigned to Oligodon russelius (Daudin, 1803) and we synonymize O. churahensiswith this species. Our investigation leads us to remove O. taeniolatus from the snakefauna of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, with the consequence that onlyOligodon transcaspicus comb. et stat. nov. and O. russelius are present in thesecountries. Additional studies are needed to resolve the taxonomy of the O. taeniolatusand O. arnensis species complexes on the Indian subcontinent, and an updated keyfor both groups is provided.