Аннотация:The development of new approaches to the bio-cultivation of higher plants under aseptic condi-tions will solve the problem of obtaining high-quality and environmentally friendly food products. We pro-pose to modify the nutrient medium for growing higher plants under aseptic conditions by replacing tradi-tional salt additives with nanoparticles (NPs). The paper presents data on the effect of iron NPs in the com-position of the Murashige–Skoog nutrient medium on the morphometric and physiological parameters ofthe pepper plant, i.e., changes in the structure of leaves, chlorophyll content, and fruit yield. It is shown thatplanting material cultivated on media with Fe NPs instead of iron sulfate under aseptic conditions improvesthe morphometric and physiological characteristics, which is a factor in increasing the yield of pepper fruitsby 6–125% compared to the control.