Аннотация:The paper analyzes the psychological and psychophysiological characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder. The work contains a theoretical review of studies on the specifics of emotion recognition in children with autism spectrum disorder, a review of studies on the genetic and psychophysiological correlates of emotional intelligence and recognition of basic emotions upon presentation of computer images of persons; substantiation of an empirical study aimed at identifying the brain mechanisms for recognizing basic emotions in children with autism spectrum disorder due to their genetic characteristics. The paper includes a description of abnormalities speech, communication, intelligence, and perception abnormalities in the development of a child with autism spectrum disorder.