Аннотация:The paper presents the logic of building institutions, their mechanisms or arrangements andconsiders their logical structure. Following Searle, it is argued that the natural sciences studyphenomena independent of the observer, while the social sciencesб on the other hand, studydependent phenomena. In exploring institutional reality, we are studying observer-dependentphenomena. Particular attention is drawn to cultural, ethnic, historical, linguistic and otherphenomena that are significant in the analysis of institutions, especially informal ones. Thewhole logic of building institutions is viewed through the prism of system analysis to the formation and explanation of institutional reality.