Mechanism of emission of vibratory signals in Tetrix tenuicornis (Sahlberg) (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)

Benediktov, A.A.; Korsunovskaya, O.S.

Авторы: Benediktov A.A., Korsunovskaya O.S.
Сборник: The 16th International Invertebrate Sound and Vibration (ISV) meeting, Rauischholzhausen, Germany, September 14-17, 2017
Тезисы
Год издания: 2017
Первая страница: Poster 2
Аннотация: Mechanism of emission of vibratory signals in Tetrix tenuicornis (Sahlberg) (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) / Benediktov A, Korsunovskaya O / The ground hoppers are capable to produce vibratory signals using middle legs (Benediktov, 1998 Zool. Zh. 77: 1021-5). The males produce vibrations of four types: calling, courtship, aggressive and apparently territorial signals, females respond to male calling signals. Emission of these signals is not accompanied by visible movements of any parts of the body. We supposed that muscles of the legs are responsible for the production of vibrations. To check this suggestion we simultaneously registered the muscular activity in different parts of the legs and vibratory signals in freely moving males. Recording of the myograms in different regions of the fore-, mid- and hind legs has shown that the strongest impulsation during the emission of the vibratory signal is found in the mesofemur and mesotibia. According to the position of the electrode, these muscles are the levator and depressor of the tarsus and, possibly, retractor of the claw. Weak muscular activity is recorded in the pro-, metafemur and in the musculature under the mesepimeron. But it has been shown earlier that complete removal of the mid-legs excludes the ability to produce vibration signals. The motor program realised during the emission of vibratory signals is similar to that of the jump of a locust. The principal difference of Tetrix from locusts is that the muscles that provide for flexion of the tibia prior to the emission of the signal and for extension of the tibia after the emission of the signal remain inactive. Thus, the emission of vibration is performed as a result of co-contraction of depressors and levators of the tibia and tarsus. The motor program of the emission of the vibration signal in Tetrix is realised by muscles of the mid-legs, which do not participate in jumping or kicking. Motor neurons controlled by rhythm generators homologous to the rhythm generator of vibration signals in the mesothoracic ganglion are probably the source of the activity of the muscles of the fore- and hind legs. This suggestion is supported by data on oscillator neurons of flight, walking and sound rhythm generators, which are situated not only in ganglia of the pterothorax but also in other ganglia and may be intersegmental. Emission of acoustic signals by vibration of thoracic muscles is known in the acridid Zonocerus variegates (Chapman et al. 1981: Acrida. 10: 51-9), another insects group producing vibratory calls is Auchenorrhyncha. The latter produce these signals by use of tymbals. Thus, emission of vibratory signals in Tetrigidae is a novel mechanism of production of acoustic signals that emerged from the workings of some other structures and motor programs, possibly from the program realised in jumping.
Добавил в систему: Бенедиктов Александр Александрович

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Mechanism of emission of vibratory signals in Tetrix tenuicornis (Sahlberg) (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)тезисы доклада

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