Место издания:COSPAR 40th Scientific Assembly Moscow
Первая страница:D2.5-0113-14
Аннотация:An appearance of high-energy protons in the solar atmosphere during flares can be revealed from an emerging pion-decay component of high-energy gamma-ray emission. This component was clearly distinguished in the gamma-ray spectrum during several flares measured in various experiments from 1980 till 2012. By comparing the light curves of high-energy gamma-rays with emissions observed in other energy ranges, we found that the onset and peak times of the pion-decay emission were close to the time when the intensity of the high-energy bremsstrahlung, narrow gamma-ray lines, and high-frequency radio emissions reaches 0.5 of their maximum values in eight flares. The peak times of pion-decay emission coincide well with the peak times of the derivative of the soft X-ray emission recorded by GOES monitors. On the other hand, the pion-decay emission was observed only during the late stages of three flares, i.e. about one third of cases. Thus, we found that the onset of the pion-decay emission is typically close to the peak times of other emissions as well as the soft X-ray derivative. Therefore, if protons are accelerated to the sub-relativistic energies, then this acceleration starts typically close to the time of the main flare energy release.