Место издания:International Geographical Union Kraków
Аннотация:The variability of anomalies of the atmospheric circulation at the Southern Hemisphere is examined.
Attempts to estimate interactions between the tropical zone and mid- and high latitudes. Since
the most striking anomalies during El-Nino - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are developing at the
Southern Hemisphere, interactions between ENSO features and the variability of atmospheric
circulation were revealed. The empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) analysis was applied for
investigation of the low-frequency atmospheric circulation variability at the Southern Hemisphere.
Geopotential and zonal velocity daily fields on 850 and 200 hPa pressure levels from NCEP/NCAR
reanalysis (54 Januaries from 1958 to 2012) used for this EOF decomposition. Linear trends were
removed previously. The variability of atmospheric circulation on the whole of 54 years and during
the most extreme warm (1982/83 and 1997/98 years) and cold (1974/75, 1984/85 and 2010/11
years) ENSO events. Analysis has shown the main centres of variability during 54 years are associated
with fluctuations both of macroscale processes and different recurrence of synoptical scale processes
explicitly. These processes are caused by warm and cold ENSO events obviously, and became
apparent in the spatial distribution of zonal velocity anomalies. It is corresponding to well-known
canonical schemes of development and culmination of ENSO both at upper, and at lower
troposphere. Moreover, these variability centres have intensified, amplified, some secondaries have
appeared most of cases during the several years. The correspondence of temporal behaviour
of anomalies during the several years was ascertained with the El-Nino events (1982/83
and 1997/98) chronology. Clear interactions recognized between centres of variability at tropical,
midlatitudes and antarctic latitudes of Pacific. At that, the most striking interactions appears where
the main ENSO cycle's events occur. Similar chains can be interpreted as the following coupled
consequence of anomalies: discharge of cold air from Antarctica – intensification of the extra-tropical
cyclogenesis at the Great Western Transfer – strengthening of the conclusive anticyclone
at the cyclonic series rear on the polar front – regeneration of subtropical anticyclone –
intensification of the tropical trade winds circulation – amplification of the South-Pacific Convergence
Zone, appearing in activation of tropical cyclogenesis.