Hydrogen-supported decarbonization of automotive industry: from ICE through hybrids to FC vehiclesстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 23 января 2026 г.
Аннотация:This paper presents a comprehensive review of the transition to zero-emission hydrogen-based automotive transport, evaluating its alignment with modern carbon-free policy objectives. The analysis demonstrates that current decarbonization pathways for vehicles – including internal combustion engines (ICEs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and their hybrid derivatives – are insufficient to achieve true zero emissions by 2050. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems present a highly efficient and eco-friendly alternative, but their commercialization is impeded by critical challenges. This review examines the principal obstacles to PEMFC adoption in the automotive industry, including the lack of hydrogen infrastructure, reliance on unsustainable hydrogen production methods, challenges with onboard hydrogen storage, high costs and persistent technical limitations. As these barriers cannot be rapidly overcome, this work concludes that a gradual transition via PEMFC/Li-ion battery hybrid vehicles represents the most viable strategy for the complete decarbonization of the automotive sector in the foreseeable future.