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Solar Polar Field Reversals as the Result of the Global Magnetic Field Meridional Flowsстатья
- Автор: Bilenko I.A.
- Журнал: Solar Physics
- Том: 301
- Номер: 3
- Год издания: 2026
- Издательство: Springer Netherlands
- Местоположение издательства: Dordrecht, Netherlands
- Номер статьи: id. 42
- DOI: 10.1007/s11207-026-02627-z
- Аннотация: Based on data obtained from Wilcox Solar Observatory, the solar polar magnetic field reversals in Cycles 21 – 25 are considered. The results indicate that the polarity reversal occurs at the maximum of sunspot activity of each cycle, but the beginning, end, and duration of the reversals did not demonstrate any association with the Wolf numbers, which are characteristics of local magnetic fields. Moreover, during the periods of polarity reversal, the correlation between global magnetic field (GMF) parameters and Wolf numbers decreased and even moved into an anti-correlation mode.The polarity reversal occurred during periods of sharp structural changes in the GMF, accompanied by a redistribution of the positive- and negative-polarity magnetic field domination in the North and South hemispheres. All parameters of the GMF demonstrate characteristic changes associated with polarity reversal.The polar field reversals are determined by the GMF flows of positive- and negative-polarity magnetic fields, which cyclically migrate from one pole to the opposite pole. The magnetic fields of the new polarity are delivered to the poles by a certain flow, and then carried away by the same flow to the opposite pole. In each cycle, the increase in the polar magnetic field strength to its maximal values at the solar activity minimum and following decrees to the cycle maximum coincides with the latitudinal changes in corresponding magnetic field flow. The differences in start, duration, and end times of the polarity reversal at each pole are a consequence of the different width and speed of the corresponding flow.Interaction with magnetic fields of active regions during the passage of the GMF pole-to-pole meridional flows through low latitudes leads to the formation of longitudinal magnetic structures and a sectorial structure of the GMF.Equations for calculating the meridional circulation of positive- and negative-polarity magnetic field flows are proposed. They allow to predict the time of polarity reversals, and since polarity reversals occur at the maxima of cycles, then also predict the time of maxima of both the future and past cycles.
- Добавил в систему: Биленко Ирина Антоновна