Аннотация:Рассмотрена схема строения бэровских бугров Северного Прикаспия. Показано, что накопление бугровых отложений происходило за непродолжительное время во время верхнехвалынской трансгрессии. Предложена схема стадиально-прибрежного (мелководного) морского образования бугров в условиях встречных нагонно-стоковых течений.In some places within the vast Northern Caspian lowlands between the Kuma and lower Emba river mouths numerous elongated knolls occur, which usually stretch in sub-latitudinal direction. These were already recorded by the expeditions of S. Gmelin (1777) and P. Pallas (1788). After academician K. Baer had given a detailed description of these landforms during his field trip to the Caspian region in 1853-1856 these hills were named after him Baer knolls. In fact, these are not knolls, but ridges of different length, as has been already noted by Baer (1856) who used this local name for the elongated highs. Baer himself also gave a very picturesque description the countryside looks as if it has been cut with a giant plough or as if somebody with giant fingers scratched its soft surface in different directions without using any ruler (1856, pp. 198-199). The hills and surrounding arid lowlands form unusual landscapes composed of different geometrical landforms producing a flat plain with sub-latitudinal ridges and hills covered by rare semi-desert vegetation of brownish colors which only in spring changes to greenish with bright spots of tulips and irises. Within the late Khvalinian plain herbaceous-poaceous steppe predominates, while Kalmyk sands are occupied by psammophytic plant formations. The hills were used by locals for settlements, cemeteries, watermelon plantations, roads, and as a source of building materials. By now many hills have practically disappeared, others are cut by numerous quarries demonstrating their sediment composition. More than 80 papers discussing the structure and origin of Baer knolls were published after the pioneer work of Baer. Based on various field data the publications analyze the distribution of knolls, their morphology, composition and genesis. However, many problems of Baer knolls origin and composition remain unsolved. In the present work based on our original data obtained during many years of field investigations in the Northern Caspian region we present the results of the complex study of sediments (Svitoch, Klyuvitkina, 2004, 2005, 2006), critically analyze published materials, and attempt to give a comprehensive picture of the structure and origin of Baer knolls. In the present work we have: